Adoption – Outliers: the Story of Success

19 October 2012 Outliers: The Story of Success Published in 2008, Outliers: The Story of Success is Malcolm Gladwell’s third sequential top of the line true to life book, following Tipping Point (2000) and Blink (2005). While Tipping Point centers around the individual’s capacity to impact change in the public eye, Outliers manages the social and cultural powers that give an individual a chance.Through a progression of contextual investigations, Gladwell demands that we have very handily gotten tied up with the legend that fruitful individuals are independent; rather, he says they â€Å"are constantly the recipients of shrouded favorable circumstances and exceptional chances and social heritages that permit them to learn and try sincerely and understand the world in manners others can't. † Gladwell characterizes an anomaly as an individual strange â€Å"who doesn't fit into our ordinary comprehension of accomplishment. As per Gladwell, extraordinary people are p roduced using having accomplishment with capacity, chances to get fruitful with 10,000 of training, IQ not being the main thing required, and that everything comes down to age, family ancestry, and socioeconomics of society. Gladwell can bolster them and give incredible models on how things work out with a person’s life. â€Å"The Matthew Effect† inspects open door as an element of timing. Canadian hockey players brought into the world closer to the enchantment birthday of January 1 procure points of interest that compound over time.Computer software engineers Bill Joy and Bill Gates, both conceived during the 1950s, have exploited the relative-age impact to become industry mammoths during the 1980s. Gladwell claims that Mozart and the Beatles are less natural melodic wonders however processors who flourished simply following 10,000 hours of training. Approximately, ten years is to what extent it takes to place in ten thousand hours of hard practice and difficult work. Both Bill Joy and Bill Gates approached boundless time utilization on a PC at basically the start of the cutting edge industry and before any other person. To turn into a chess grandmaster likewise appears to take around ten years† (41). This part makes an intriguing point that virtuoso is a component of time and not skill. In light of this we can see that with difficult work and a ton of time we would all be able to get fruitful. Perusers can reach a determination that perhaps with possibility and a ton of difficult work and long periods of rehearsing we can get effective at a particular errand. As we constantly read into Gladwell’s book we can perceive what number of various popular individuals he has discovered that have needed to place in numerous long periods of difficult work to accomplish incredible success.We can likewise now see that with difficult work and a great deal of time we would all be able to get fruitful. Indeed, even the best individuals needed to p lace in many extended periods before they at any point got acclaimed. Gladwell then discussions about Langen, whose IQ is one of the most elevated in written history, yet has a very high bombing rate in context to an individual life. Educator Robert Oppenheimer, then again climbed to deal with the Manhattan Project while he was in graduate school. He had attempted to harm his adviser.The distinction is appeared to result from a shocking absence of charm, which is a profound force that gives an individual impact or authority over gatherings of individuals, and a feeling of what others are thinking in Langen, and extraordinary individual capacity in Oppenheimer, which is said to show that achievement isn't a component of difficult work or even virtuoso however a greater amount of amiability and the capacity to sympathize. Having the option to be an agreeable individual is a factor of life that will never be futile. Numerous individuals who have agreeable characters will in all likelih ood get you further in life.No one needs to accomplish something for somebody who is hopeless and despondent, yet they will be all the more ready to do it for somebody who is thankful and nearness is charming. Somebody who can sympathize ready to think about different people’s sentiments and cooperates with other people. A fruitful individual is somebody who can do a wide range of assignments and consistently take in analysis. Being an individual who is effective isn't simple, however on the off chance that you are happy to work for something you can generally acquire successWe can integrate this all and become a fruitful individual according to Gladwell.Having a high IQ isn't the main thing required, keenness is essential to get fruitful yet there are such a significant number of increasingly significant factors first. Family foundation plays a significant job, provided that you originate from a wealthier family you have faster and simpler access to supportive significant th ings. Taking a gander at things that affected Joe Flom's life we can see that even the littlest things can make an individual an exception inside our general public. Indeed it can boil down to something as little as what year you were conceived in regarding what your folks accomplish for a living.I feel that being at a specific spot at a specific time can change your’ entire world yet more often than not we don't understand that it transformed ourselves until quite a while a short time later. Gladwell was discussing how those conceived somewhere in the range of 1912 and 1917 were demographically at a bit of leeway contrasted with the individuals who were conceived somewhere in the range of 1903 and 1911. He writes:The clarification has to do with two of the extraordinary disastrous occasions of the twentieth century: the Great Depression and World War II. On the off chance that you were brought into the world after 1912.Those conceived in the later gathering would have gradua ted school during 1912 †state in 1915 †you escaped school after the Depression was finished, and you were drafted at a youthful enough age that leaving to war for three of four years was as much an open door as it was an interruption. The termites conceived before 1911, however, moved on from school at the stature of the Depression, whenever openings for work were scant, and they were at that point in their late thirties when the subsequent World War hit, implying that when they were drafted, they needed to disturb professions and families and grown-up lives that were at that point well under way. 131-132) Those conceived in the main gathering would in all likelihood as of now have begun families and their entire lives would have been upset when they were called up by the draft for World War II. Those in the subsequent gathering were conceived at a demographical advantage. To think about, take a gander at when the World Trade Centers were hit and crumpled. I was distinctly in eighth grade and had a restricted comprehension of the world around me.My guardians then again were more seasoned and knew quickly that life could never be the equivalent. From that point forward all the tight limitations on things are typical for me while my folks recall a reality where things weren't so confined. You had the option to welcome fluids with you on a plane and not need to stress over a fear based oppressor danger. The entire world changed, it could be said we could be demographically at a bit of leeway in light of the fact that the manner in which the world is today is the main way that we know the world.In end, character and desire were insufficient, yet must be combined with roots in a Jewish culture in which difficult work and creativity were empowered, and in actuality an important piece of life. Scrabbling in a firm cobbled together due to legitimate need since white-shoe law offices didn't recruit Jews, gave the accomplices an irregular and opportune aptitud e. Flom's firm chosen it needed to take unfriendly takeover situations when nobody else would, and that transformed Flom and his accomplices into specialists in a sort of lawful practice simply starting to blast when they hit their stride.Gladwell’s conversation impacts my reasoning since it made me progressively mindful of how family setting at home can influence our future more than what we may think. Likewise, it gave me that in light of the fact that an individual may have a 100 IQ contrasted with an IQ of 190 doesn't imply that the lower IQ individual is inept it just shows they need abilities in that specific territory, they may have the option to have a more imaginative brain than somebody with a high IQ. â€Å"Practice isn’t the thing you do once you’re great. It’s the thing you do that makes you good† (70).

Clown Essay Example For Students

Comedian Essay Comedian an entertainer, generally in a bazaar, who acts dumb, performs down to earth jokes, and does stunts to make individuals chuckle. Different names for jokesters are joker, buffoon, fool, magician, mirthmaker, tumbler, gleeman, emulate, on-screen character, harlequin,merry advocate, comic, and puppeteer. Despite the fact that there are numerous kinds of jokesters, each comedian builds up a face, which means a character. A jokesters face, once made, turns into the comedians one of a kind individual property. Whiteface The most seasoned sort of jokester is the whiteface, which goes back to the eighteenth century. The white shade of the face was first finished with flour. White lead supplanted flour, however during the 1880s, when lead was found to be toxic, more secure greasepaints were found. Thewhiteface jokester advanced from before whiteface dramatic performers. One of the most well known whiteface charactersin history is Harlequin, a comic character in the Italian performance center structure commedia dellarte. English entertainer John Rich, who acted in the early and mid-eighteenth century, was the most renowned Harlequin of his time. After the mid-eighteenth century, the jokester bit by bit supplanted the Harlequin character. English performer Joseph Grimaldi assumed an instrumental job in this move. Still today you can discover jokesters which will do the whitefaced demonstration however you would need to look along approach to discover anything likewise the whitefaced comedian do esn't utilize the oil paint the utilization a sort of make-up which is thick and wealthy in shading and you can think that its everything over the spot. CharacterIIn the mid twentieth century a third classification of portrayal created from the alleged floor covering comedian, who performed short, solo schedules between bazaar acts. These character comedians, as they are known today, incorporate any jokester who has a remarkable daily schedule and who typically works alone or without an accomplice in a huge gathering. The character jokester is the most practical of the comedian types. Character comedians ridicule various highlights of the human face through distortion, including facial hair, stubbles, moles, enormous noses, uncovered heads, and bizarre hair styles. The most well known character is the homeless person or tramp jokester, which is presumably the main comedian type initially created in the United States. The advancement of the tramp jokester, be that as it may, owes a lot of its motivation to English entertainer Charlie Chaplin. During his vocation, Chaplin filled the role of the Little Tramp in many films. Two different acclaimed tramp jokesters are Otto Griebling and Emmett Kelly, dear companions who acted in the early and mid-twentieth century. Griebling built up the daily schedule of slamming tin pie plates together and pitting the crowd on one side of a bazaar tent against the crowd on the other in a challenge of shouts and adulation. Numerous carnival comedians despite everything utilize this standard today as a method of heating up a group of people before a show. Kelly is most likely the most popular of the tramp jokesters. While functioning as a youthful sketch craftsman, he made his well known Weary Willie as an animation character. Willie was a little homeless person, who wearing filthy clothes and a worn out cap and was down on his karma. Auguste Another sort of comedian is auguste, which created in the mid-nineteenth century. One of the more well known auguste jokesters was an American named Tom Belling. 1864 out of an European exhibition, Belling, (a gymnastic performer and horseback rider) scrounged through an ensemble trunk, searching for another comic character. Wearing a destroyed coat, an old wig on his head in reverse, and red oil paint on his nose, he was accidently driven into the ring by the bazaar proprietor. New to his new ensemble, Belling stumbled over his own jacket and fell all over in the inside ring. The individuals who seen thisyeelled out August!, German for a dumb, blundering fool. The auguste comedian wears a bulbous red nose, oversize shoes, wigs which are splendid hues, and huge clthes that typically never coordinated. They uaully leave a large portion of there characteristic skin shading appearing or utilize a pink or red cosmetics rather than the white.There face was usally attracted on to assist them with giving some outward appearance. The auguste comedian will falter, slap each other around, and is normally ridiculed. Lou Jacobs, the most popular American auguste comedian, used to paint huge white fixes around his eyes. His uncovered head was formed like a cone, with red hair around the ear. Jacobs additionally wore a red elastic ball nose. He resigned in 1988 at 84 years old. Two of Americas most popular comedian characters additionally fit into the auguste class: Ronald McDonald, which is the Mcdonalds benefit producer of youthful childreb and old, and Bozo who currently claims his own Tv appear with many oter jokesters. He depended on the twentieth century Italian jokester Albert Fratellini. .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 , .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .postImageUrl , .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 , .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82:hover , .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82:visited , .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82:active { border:0!important; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82:active , .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82:hover { haziness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enhancement: underline; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt sweep: 3px; content adjust: focus; content design: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ud7f604 4f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ud7f6044f9306f6ec0386952b23220d82:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Master of the Flies Expository EssayNew Vaudeville Modern, or new vaudeville, jokesters are comedians who have gotten some distance from conventional comedian acts. Generally, the new vaudevillian comedian works alone, commonly without cosmetics. The new vaudeville comedian tries to relate with crowd individuals as opposed to perform for them. A portion of the new vaudeville comedians perform with bazaars, while others in theaters. Be that as it may, their schedules depend on joking. A case of another vaudeville entertainers incorporate the Bill Irwin from the get-go in his new profession Irwin was named Willy .a whiteface comedian. He doesnt wear cosmetics any longer rather, he utilizes his outward appearances to show is satire to individuals rather than through the visual. Jokester College Clowning is a procedure which must be instructed over a couple of years they consider it the craft of joking it sounds senseless however fooling is an intense activity it begins with the manner in which you look right down to the manner in which you sound. With the fit comedians there was no school or universities and it was likewise on the off chance that you werent entertaining the first occasion when you never will be. In any case, realize it is a calling for a ton of peole and on the off chance that you become adequate you can have an extremely huge benefit. Likewise with the comedian school there is more than one sort of jokester, for example, a rodeo jokester. He should go to class for normally three years which will pay great since it is a high hazard work.

Overcrowding in Prisons As A Significant Problem - Free Essay Example

Overcrowding in Prisons Overcrowding in prisons is a problem. It is a problem because prisoners do not have the minimum space required. Inmates to staff ratio are terrible in overcrowded. Staff to inmate ratio isnt proportionate. Mental health issues be increased due to being in an overcrowded prison. Mental health issues be increased due to being in an overcrowded prison. Overcrowding in prisons could increase self-harm and suicide. It is a problem because prison conditions are poor. It is a problem because the rates of infectious diseases are higher in prison. With overcrowding being in prisons and its many issues, there are solutions to those problems. Overcrowding in prisons is a problem because it has led to poor living conditions for inmates. Along with the living conditions being poor, the infectious disease rate is increasing rapidly. Inmate to inmate violence seems to be closely related to the intolerable living conditions. An overcrowded prison does not lend itself to a productive environment for inmates. Mental issues are becoming an issue due to overcrowding, inmates are not receiving proper treatment for those struggling with mental issues. The treatment that the inmates do receive is not adequate. Overcrowding has led to prisons operating past the maximum capacity. Plan to offer early release through parole. After planning to offer early release through parole, offer inmates the option of being redirected rehabilitation programs. Weigh the pros and cons of offering early release. Categorize the inmates by crime and see which one has the largest number of convictions. Find a solution to the problem. Stop over sentencing and giving jail time to people who really need guidance. Offer different levels of punishment for crimes that does not involve prison time. If it is a violent crime that is not murder offer some sort of counseling to understand the problem. Instead of giving jail time for people who are caught with drugs offer rehabilitation. Get rid of statute of limitations. People being prisoned due to crimes that they committed in their past and it is adding to the overcrowding of those who have recently committed a crime. Some of those who are being made to serve time for an old crime are older people. Living conditions in prison are not up to par and it is just rude and borderline inhumane to have them serve time for a crime that they committed when they were young. A substitute to imprisonment would be day to day fines. One way would be to consider the harshness of the crime. The more severe the crime the greater the fine will be. Second, you need to look at the income of the offender in order to configure what the fine should be. Probation is one of the most common uses of punishment that are offered but it should be pushed more than jail time. Plan to release inmates to halfway houses six to twelve months before their scheduled date. Before, inmates would have to serve out their sentence which leads to overcrowding in prisons. After a plan has been advised, the system will know the protocol of early release to halfway houses. Though sentencing varies depending upon the crime, there will be a plan in place to prevent overcrowding. Seeing as vast majority of the individuals going through the system are young males uneducated with majority being minorities, there should be levels of help to prevent them from ever being sent to prison instead offer self-improvement program such as vocational, academic , and employment programs to them to send them back into society and not prison. Most of these programs are paid via our tax payers to aid in shaping them into productive individuals so when they are freed they have work experience and an education such as a G.E.D. The government should do more to make sure prisons are not overcrowding. The government knows that people will break the law, but there should be several solutions or other forms of punishment outside of prison. The sentencing practices need to be re- evaluated seeing as the number of inmates that are incarcerated is increasing. The daily costs of housing an inmate needs to be carefully reviewed. Then we will look at answers for decreasing prison populations which consist of rehabilitation and the discharge of elderly offenders and prisoners with petty offenses. One approach to minimize or stop the increase in our prison populations comes from the sentencing phase. It is imperative to know the diverse goals of sentencing. Which is to disable, revenge, discouragement, rehabilitation, justification, and punishment. To disable, the system is sentencing the offender to a prison with the goal of not letting them to commit additional crimes. In vengeance, the goal is to seek revenge against the offender. It is almost like this is the eye for an eye mentality. Discouragement is a means to stopping criminal behavior. Rehabilitation is a means to alter ones behavior, so that they will no longer commit criminal acts. Vindication refers to the making and enforcing of the law and punishment that goes along with a criminal act. Finally, punishment is the punishment of an offender justly and correspondingly. The penalties of the punishment for the offender are not taken into consideration. There should also be rules when defining who should be sentenced t o prison and for how long. Overcrowding in prisons can be avoided.

Solving The Student Debt Crisis Essay - 1609 Words

The student debt crisis has reached an all time high with debt reaching a total of 1.3 trillion dollars across the United States.With tuition cost increasing,lack of scholarships and an increase of government loans,student debt will continue to increase.The enormous amount of debt put upon each student creates the inability of those students to help the economy grow.Our economy as we know it is in shambles and decreasing the student debt significantly will help the economy grow.Instead of debt owers putting that money towards the government where it won t be used to help decrease the student debt as we can see by the total debt, it should go to the community. Money going to places such as purchasing homes,cars,consumer goods will help improve the economy.To help alleviate the immense amount of student debt lenders should be required to forgive student loans in cases where students are unable to repay their debts,decrease cost of attendance,and increase scholarship opportunities fr om universities and implement more merit based sholarships.Doing so would benefit the growth of the economy by increasing the job market,housing market and would help businesses grow. Pineda 2 Students on average have more than 25000 dollars in student loan debt they have to pay back.Due to the incredible amount of debt certain issues arise ofShow MoreRelatedThe National Student Loan Debt1571 Words   |  7 Pagesadded to the national student loan debt. According to the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, college debt now ranks second in the greatest debt owed besides a home mortgage. 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You, like lots of others, have dreamed of pursuing your education at the schools you have been accepted to but, you have come to the conclusion that it’s not possible for you to attend those schools because of your financial situation. Thus, you’re forced to attend a community college or take out loans that will leave you in debt for aRead MoreFinding Work After College Essay924 Words   |  4 Pagesfield that is unrelated to their degree. This could be due to how many people are also trying to apply for jobs in that specific field, or it could be that that job does not provide them with enough money to live off. The most important thing that students really need to ask themselves before they attend college is, â€Å"is a college degree really enough in today’s world to get a good career and a well-paying job?† The last thing that a college graduate expects is to be working at McDonalds and livingRead MoreMOOCS and the Future of Education Essay502 Words   |  3 Pagestechnology is advancing around all of us. Computers are now accessible everywhere you go, cell phones in everyone’s hands, and even wireless internet in business we go to everyday. It doesn’t seem too farfetched now, just like online courses for college students who wish to attend without leaving the comfort of their own home for the price of internet and perhaps a book. As crazy as it sounds, it is completely true and it is becoming a huge hit. 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There are too many technicalities and the fact that you re only doing this to make the republicans angry ( because whatever Democrats come up with Republicans disagree with, like the budget crisis ) will lacerate the U.S.A, not you. II. Reason #1 and Evidence First and foremost, Obama should have gone through Congress , the natural way. The natural way for a law to become a bill is to go through the house and then the Senate and then the

Heritage as an Idea of Oneself in Bless Me Ultima and The...

Heritage as an Idea of Oneself in Bless Me Ultima and The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven Traveling through humanity is a never-ending story. Traveling through ethnicity is an ever changing journey. Is race or culture a matter of color? Is it a way of life; or a decision an individual makes? Is it an idea one has of themselves? In the novels, Bless Me Ultima (Anaya 1972) and The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven (Alexie 1993), two different minority characters, Tony and Victor, give voice to their journey of growing up and finding their place in the world in regards to their heritage. The characters, in Anayas and Alexies novels, relate to a dominant culture, pursue balance in their life by†¦show more content†¦Given these two choices, Tony feels he must choose between them. Anaya introduces Tony to a different culture, as he enters school; there he meets the white dominant culture head on. Tony, now blends a third culture into his life. Tonys heritage offers him two ways of being a Spanish-Mexican-American; in Alexies novel, Victor strives to be an Indian, period. Victor’s culture, being different from Tonys, breeds different cultural problems. Victor, a Native American Indian, in Sherman Alexies The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven, searches daily for ways to survive being Indian. Victor lives in a white world that continually divests him of the privilege of his heritage daily. The ordinary daily erosion damages Victor--and the Native American--the most. Alexie writes, . . . its almost like Indians can easily survive the big stuff. Mass murder, loss of language and land rights. Its the small things that hurt the most. The white waitress who wouldnt take an order, Tonto, the Washington Redskins (Alexie 49). Victor needs to learn to survive the daily-ness, the ordinary and wants someone to show him how and says: . . . I have] to find out what it mean[s] to be Indian, and there aint no self-help manuals for that . . . (Alexie 211). As Victor wanders through the Native American cultural maze, somew hat aimlessly and alone, Tony is

Mall Culture free essay sample

The tremendous hike in the number of shopping malls in Mumbai is the direct result of globalization. In its march towards the Global Village, the shopping malls are providing Mumbai with the gusto to move still further. The shopping malls can be said to be the outcome of the class conscious citizens who prefers sophisticated environs for shopping. In fact, the mushrooming of the international brands in India, has also created the need of multifarious shopping malls to emerge. Mumbais shopping mall emerged amidst the bustle of the city. It exhibits a wide range of accessories from clothing to foot-wear, crockery to books; the shopping malls of Mumbai contains all and sundry of the household chores. Now-a-days, with the growing trend of window shopping, the shopping malls always stay vibrant with many kinds of people pouring into the malls throughout the day. Children come to the shopping malls to enjoy – as the malls keeps the latest versions of the video-games, teenagers come here to keep abreast with the prevalent trend; whereas the adults come here to really shop for their necessities. We will write a custom essay sample on Mall Culture or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Being the major center of commerce, the shopping malls of Mumbai are the best place to study the crowd of a city or a town. Here we can find people trying different kinds of outfits in front of the mirror, or loitering throughout the mall in search of a favorite commodity. In the shopping malls , we find people from different backgrounds joining in for the same cause, viz. shopping! Shopping malls in Mumbai are known as the paradise of style and fashion. From dress materials, accessories swim suites, to branded apparels and life style equipments, these shopping malls cater to the multi-pronged needs of the customers. To update about and provide the people of Mumbai the trendiest deliverables the shopping malls come with an endless line of daily use products as well as goods that are exclusively made for special occasions. The shopping malls of Mumbai are of different nature. While some are life style stores, some others are superstores. The most prominent shopping malls that don the fashion fiesta of Mumbai are: ? R mall in Mulund a just blend of entertainment, shopping and dining, the place houses multiplex, pub, restaurant, Pizza Hut and a kids’ gaming station ? Inorbit mall in the western suburb a shopping site dealing with cosmetics, appliances, garments and furniture, the place houses a four-screen multiplex | ? Hypercity mall in Malad Link road – with a super market and computer and computer accessories shops the two storied mall is famous for tech equipments ? Atria mall in Malad – a five-storied structure, the mall is the place of national and international brands, gaming section, bowling alley and food joints ? Crossroads mall – with a sprawling 1, 50, 000 sq ft of area, the centre houses four buildings and is popular for expensive branded apparels ? Phoenix mall – the place is full of big names like McDonalds, Pantaloons, Provogue, Adidas and Reebok ? Nirmals in Mulund – apart from Pantaloons and Shoprite Hyper, the place accommodates many small retail shops ? Metro-Junction in Kalyan – dealing in an infinite range both Indian and non-Indian brands this one has food zone, parlors and music stations With plans of many more upcoming centers, Mumbai is surely all set to become a bustling hub of magnificent and awesome shopping malls. Ch-2. Methodology Issues 2. 1. Research Objectives To conduct in-depth study on consumers’ buying behaviour in a mall. To know the relation between income pattern and shopping in the mall. To know what the average consumer prefers to buy today. To gain an insight and get into the psyche of the consumer. To prepare report based on a field survey of 50 people, mostly in Ulhasnagar city. To be practical in the field of Marketing Research. To become a part of this industry in future. * To gain information regarding consumers monthly income, general buying preferences, visiting preferences and expectations regarding anything specific in the mall. 2. 2. Research Object Hypothesis A Hypothesis is a specific statement of prediction. It describes in concrete terms what we expect will happen in our study. We define a proposition as a statement about observable phenomena (concepts) that may be judged as true or false. When a proposition is formulated for empirical testing. It is called as HYPOTHESIS. Hypotheses have also been described as statements in which we assign variables to cases. There are two types of hypotheses: 1. Descriptive Hypotheses 2. Relational hypotheses Descriptive hypothesis: Descriptive Hypothesis states the existence, size, form or distribution of some variable. Descriptive Hypotheses format has many benefits: * It encourages researchers to crystallize their thinking about the likely to be found. * It encourages them to think about the implications of a supported or rejected finding. * It is useful for testing statically significance. Relational Hypotheses: These are statements that describe a relationship between two variables with respect to some cases. In this hypothesis we have two interpretations. The first interpretation indicates a co relational relationship; the second indicates an explanatory, or causal, relationship. Correlation Hypotheses state that the variables occur together in some specified manner without implying that one causes the other. Such weak claims are often made when we believe there are more basic causal forces that affect both variables or when we have not developed enough evidence to claim a stronger linkage. In research, a hypothesis serves several important functions: * It guides the direction of the study. * It identifies facts that are revelant and those that are not. * It suggests which form of research design is likely to be most appropriates. It provides a framework for organizing the conclusions that result. Null Hypothesis:- The simplistic definition of the null is as the opposite of the alternative hypothesis, H1, although the principle is a little more complex than that. The null hypothesis is a hypothesis which the researcher tries to disprove, reject or nullify. The null often refers to the common view of something. Alternative hypothesis:- Is what the researcher really think is the cause of a phenomenon. An experiment conclusion always refers to the null, rejecting or accepting H0 rather than H1. Despite this, many researchers neglect the null hypothesis when testing hypotheses, which is poor practice and can have adverse effects. H0:- Shopping in Mall amp; consumer Income are not related. H1:- Shopping in Mall amp; Consumer Income are related. 2. 3. Description Of Concept A shopping mall or shopping centre is one or more buildings forming a complex of shops representing merchandisers, with interconnecting walkways enabling visitors to easily walk from unit to unit, along with a parking area  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ a modern, indoor version of the traditional marketplace. Shopping Malls are gradually taking places of Parks for younger generation. They go hand in hand, sit in some cafe and spend time. For companies, it allows to feature their brand and lure the younger generations to aspire for their products. The concept of Shopping malls is quite popular in India as one gets everything from top to bottom under one roof , with an excellent ambience of style and elegance , having potential to make one feel to shop . 2. 4. Scope Of Study The following report is an in-depth study on consumers’ buying behaviour in a mall. Primary data, which is the feedback received directly from the consumers, is collected, sorted and converted into statistical form. The outcome so obtained is then analysed and possible conclusions are drawn. These conclusions help in knowing what the average consumer prefers to buy today. Conversely it helps in understanding what his dislikes are too. Whether the product to be launched gains acceptance in the mind of the consumer depends to quite an extent on the Research Report. It helps us gain an insight and get into the psyche of the consumer so we can design more and more products and services which are best suitable to his needs. Not only will this help in making more profits but also in enhancing consumer loyalty – a boon in today’s competitive world. The findings of the report are based on a field survey of 50 people, mostly in Ulhasnagar city. Although it may not give an exact idea of the buying behaviour of every consumer, it does give a peek into the mind of the general preferences of the conservationalist, the average and the spend-thrift consumer. Data refers to a collection of natural phenomena descriptors, including the results of experience, observation or experiment, or a set of premises. This may consist of numbers, words, or images, particularly as measurements or observations or a set of variables. Primary source is used to collect initial material during the research process. Primary data is the data that the researcher collects himself using methods such as surveys, direct observations, interviews as well as logs. Primary data is reliable way to collect data because the researcher will know where it came from and how it was collected and analyzed since he did it himself. Primary sources of information allow the lear ner to access original and unedited information. A primary source requires the learner to interact with the source and extract information.

Problem of evil Essay Example

Problem of evil Paper A) Objections Arising from Evil in the World, explain what is meant by this claim The word evil is a word which can be used very loosely, usually used to describe something we think to be morally wrong, something that when in inflicted on a person causes pain and suffering. However, if an evil act is committed by someone who has been in all other aspects good, does this act make this person evil? There are many different situations where evil acts could be done all with different circumstances and consequences. For example; at Auschwitz, so many guards were involved in the slaughter of massive amounts of Jews but it seems unlikely that all of them were evil. The actions may be considered evil but they were normalised by the sense of responsibility felt by the guards. In their eyes, they were carrying out a duty so the question of whether they are to be labelled evil is indefinite. There are two recognised categories which evil can fall under: Moral evil and Natural evil. Richard Swimburne, a modern day philosopher describes moral evil as including all evil caused deliberately by humans doing what they ought not to do, and also the evil constituted by such deliberate acts or negligent failure. It is the result of a human action which is morally wrong, such as murder or war. Natural evil is the result of apparent malfunctioning in the natural world, it is according to John Hick the evil that originates independently of human actions. It is in disease, in bacilli, in earthquakes, in storms, and in droughts. We will write a custom essay sample on Problem of evil specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Problem of evil specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Problem of evil specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The fact that evil, or suffering is an undeniable factor in our lives presents an array of problems in todays world where there is a strong belief by many of a higher power which should in theory, be able to eradicate it from the world or in fact never have let it come to exist in the first place. For believers in the God of Classical Theism, this problem of evil as it is often referred to, creates a serious dilemma. Moral evil is an easier problem to tackle for a theist than that of Natural evil, as it can be said that it occurs from the misuse of freewill, but they are still faced with justifying the existence of Natural evil. If God created the world from nothing, then there is nothing beyond His control so for whatever reason, God must be the creator of evil and suffering. A theist can sometimes be faced with justifying both types of evil as natural evils like tsunamis and hurricanes are often the cause of people committing moral evils like looting. The problem is not easily justifiable and is illustrated in The Inconsistent Triad, which states the points: God is omnipotent and omniscient (A), God is all-loving (B), and evil exists (C). These three statements cannot all be true so it would seem that one of them is false, but since we know evil and suffering exist the inconsistency must lie in one of the other 2 points. The conclusions drawn from this are that either God is not omnipotent and cannot stop evil from existing, or that God is not all-loving and chooses not to stop evil existing, or that in fact God does not exist. This can be used as an argument for the non-existence of God. A quote from Swimburne on the Problem of Evil, There is a problem about why God allows evil, and if the theist doesnt have (in a cool moment) a satisfactory answer to it, then his belief in God is less than rational and there is no reason why the atheist should share it. An example of the problem being used in this way is in Humes combat of Thomas Aquinas Design Argument (Summa Thelogica) where he labels the Problem of Evil as The Rock of Atheism. However, whilst being a problem for theists in that it challenges the nature of God, it also poses problems in other ways. It presents itself as a philosophical problem as it compels the believer to accept conflicting claims that are logically impossible to reconcile. It is also a diverse problem; evil manifests itself in many different ways, demanding separate explanations. The problem of evil has proved itself to be a challenging problem, as it is not just going to disappear, evil and suffering are objective realities which are almost impossible to deny. B) Unpack two theodicies and analyse which how successful these are As I said, the justification of Gods allowance for the existence of evil is not easy, but there are many theodicies which have developed that provide strong arguments. A theodicy is a theory that justifies why God allows evil without qualifying the attributes of the God of Classical Theism. Two of which are those of Augustine and Irenaeus. Augustines theodicy has had considerable influence over many scholars since it was developed and attempts to provide justification for both moral and natural evil. According to Augustine, the perfect God created a flawless world where evil and suffering did not exist, and that God is not responsible for the existence of evil as it is not a substance, but in fact a deprivation of good. He uses an analogy of blindness to illustrate his meaning, as blindness itself is not an entity but an absence of sight. Augustine claims that evil comes from angels and humans who have deliberately turned against God and abused his gift of freewill. He states that evil is necessary in a created world as only the uncreated creator can be perfect, his creations are susceptible to change. Augustines idea on the existence of Natural evil is that it exists as a punishment for the Original Sin, which we are all guilty of as we were all seminally present in Adam at the time it was committed. Natural evil punishes us for the destruction of the natural order by human action. For these reasons God is right not to intervene and the fact that he does save some through Christ emphasises His mercy. God would be justified in sending everyone to hell for being guilty of the Original Sin, the fact that some go to heaven shows Gods goodness. Augustines theodicy has some substantial strengths, as is proved by its popularity. Brian Davies is an example of a scholar who supports his claim that evil is only a deprivation of good rather than having a proper existence, he said it is a gap between what there is and what there ought to be. To criticise would be to say that God should have created more than he did which doesnt make sense; how is anyone to know how much more should have been created. Augustines views on evil being a product of freewill have also been upheld. Despite its strengths, Augustines theodicy has many holes in it to be addressed, it contains logical, scientific, and moral difficulties. Augustines concept of Hell comes under scrutiny; Hell is part of Gods design of the universe, so it was created before the worlds flaws began to appear, which means that God must have anticipated and accepted that the world would go wrong. F.D.E Schleiermacher expresses his logical contradiction to Augustines views on the origin of evil and a perfect world going wrong, Schleiermacher informs us that whether evil is a deprivation or not it is still real and it is therefore logically impossible for it to just come out of nothing. This means that evil must be connected to God and he either never created the world perfect or he made it so it was able to falter. Another logical difficulty of this theodicy comes of the capacity to do evil in a perfect world and disobey God, as in a perfect world no knowledge of good and evil should exist. The knowledge of them could only come from God. Scientific difficulties stem from the modern worlds concept of evolution; the idea of a perfect world being damaged by humans does not allow for evolution. Moreover, Augustine refers to the Garden of Eden in his theodicy, and this paradise is hard to accept on the basis of evolution. A final difficulty lies with the concept of us all being seminally present in Adams loins, this is biologically impossible so we cannot all be responsible for the Original Sin. From comparing the strengths with the criticisms we can see that Augustines theodicy ultimately fails. The theodicy of Irenaeus is another which provides a formidable answer to the question of why God allows evils existence. As said by Irenaeus, Gods aim when creating the world was to make humans in his likeness, but to do this, humans could not be made perfect but had to develop through free will. It was therefore necessary for God to give us free will and therefore necessary to give us the potential to turn against him. If he didnt enable this, we could never attain Gods likeness as according to Ireneaus it requires willing co-operation. The natural order had to be designed in a way where humans could cause harm, which they did resulting in suffering, but God still cannot compromise our freedom by removing evil. Ireneaus claims that the evil and suffering will eventually be overcome and everyone will attain Gods likeness and reside in Heaven. This justifies temporary evil, which if complying with Ireneaus thought enables the understanding of good. Many philosophers have added to Ireneaus theodicy including John Hick (who claims that good developed from free will is better than ready-made goodness), and Peter Vardy who used an analogy of a king to illustrate this where a king falls in love with a peasant girl but rather than imposing his power on her and forcing him to marry her, he wins her over. They both believe that without development our goodness would be without value, we would be automatons. According to this theodicy, humans had to be created imperfect to be able to go against God, and they had to be created at a distance from God so they could decide for themselves to believe in him. If we were sure he was there, there would be no free will, John Hick called this the epistemic distance. If God wasnt separated from humans we would know he was real and would live a good, moral life because we would know that it is in our best interests, it wouldnt be real goodness. Humans also couldnt be created in a paradise or else qualities such as courage would not be attainable and there would be no development as good and evil would be indistinguishable. The theodicy justifies natural evil as it makes the world well adapted to soul making (John Hick). The Modern Additions to this theodicy claim that heaven is the eventual goal for everyone for three reasons; a future in heaven is the only justification for the suffering of the world. Secondly, if life were to end in death Gods purpose would be unfulfilled since we would not be reaching our goal of becoming Gods likeness. Lastly, nobody can be overlooked as evil acts are carried out in different circumstances for different people. For example, someone who was abused while being raised is much more likely to be abusive as an adult, it is something they are used to and have become desensitised to. There are solid criticisms of Irenaeus theodicy as well as Augustines: For example, everyone going to heaven defies religious texts as well as making it pointless to live a moral life, why bother if you are going to heaven anyway? It also takes away the incentive to develop into Gods likeness which Irenaeus regarded of utmost importance. Another critique is of the level of suffering needed to make the world adapted for soul making, e.g. Was the Holocaust really necessary? Finally, it can be said that love can never be expressed through suffering, supported by D.Z Philips who said it is not justifiable to hurt someone to help them. To conclude, neither of these theodicies can be considered perfect by any means, but Ireneaus is the stronger of the two. Where Augustine fails to provide room for belief in evolution, Ireneaus manages it and while Augustine cannot provide a logical explanation for the origin of evil, Irenaeus provides a stable reason for it. It is also popular, like Augustines for its views on free will.